Kasse
Mady is one of West Africa's greatest voices and one of the
most cherished singers in Mali, known for his profound knowledge
of Mali's deepest oral and musical traditions, for his ability
to adapt these traditions into a modern context, and last
but not least, for the sheer beauty and ethereal quality of
his tenor voice.
He
was born in 1949 in Kela, a renowned centre of the Mande griot
(jeli) tradition in western Mali, near Kangaba, one of the
seats of the great Mali empire (1235-1469). Kasse Mady's family,
the Diabates of Kela - all of whom are jelis - were the singers
for the emperors and their descendants, the royal Keita lineages.
And still today they are considered among the most important
and authoritative jeli families across seven West African
countries where Mande culture predominates.
Kasse
Mady is the second person ever to be given the name Kasse
Mady, which means "Weep -Mady". (Mady is a regional variant
of Mohammed - Mohammadu/ Mamadu/ Madu/ Mady). His grandfather,
also from Kela, was the first.
Mady
the grandfather had such a beautiful voice that when he sang,
he would move people to tears, hence his nickname "Kasse from
Kassi, (to weep). Kasse Mady the younger was given this name
at birth to honour the grandfather. But no one in the family
could imagine that his voice would have the same power and
ability to move people to extreme states of emotion.
While
still a young boy Kasse Mady began singing at local weddings
and other ceremonies, and in c. 1970 he was invited to become
the lead singer of the dance orchestra of the nearby town
Kangaba. This orchestra was called the Super Mande, a name
his brother Lafia Diabate, also a well-known singer, now uses
for his own band based in Bamako.
This
was an important period in Mali because of the new Cultural
Authenticity policies which were in vogue in the newly independent
nation states of West Africa. In Mali, as elsewhere, musicians
were encouraged to return to their own folklore instead of
imitating rock and roll or Cuban music. As it happened, Kasse
Mady's special blend of traditional Mande folklore with modern
instruments was to play an important role in this movement.
Every two years, the Malian government sponsored a major festival
called the Biennale in which all the regional ensembles and
dance orchestras competed with each other. In 1973, it was
the Super Mande from Kangaba who won, thanks to the remarkable
singing of Kasse Mady. Not long before that, a group of eight
musicians who had been studying music in Cuba had returned
to Mali and formed the group Las Maravillas de Mali, famous
for their charanga interpretations of Cuban classics. But
according to the dictates of Cultural Authenticity they had
to begin to take on more of a Malian repertoire. After hearing
Kasse Mady perform at the Biennale, they decided that he was
the one to do this.
The chef d'orchestre was sent down to Kela,104 kms west of
Bamako down a bumpy dirt road, to find the singer. After various
ritual consultations with the family, who were (and still
are) very protective of their traditions, Kasse Mady was allowed
to go to join the band in Bamako. Soon after, the Maravillas
began enjoying a huge success throughout West Africa with
songs like Balomina Mwanga and Maimouna, all sung memorably
by the young Kasse Mady in Cuban style but with a new Mande
touch.
In
1976 the band renamed themselves "National Badema du Mali"
(meaning national family of Mali) and Kasse Mady launched
this new formation with several deep Mande songs that were
to become hits - such as Sindiya (later re-recorded by Ali
Farka Toure as Singya on his first World Circuit album), Fode,
which was also the title of Kasse's first solo album in 1988,
and Guede, which he later re-recorded with Taj Mahal.
By
the mid 1980s there was no longer much interest among Malian
audiences in the old dance bands of the 1970s. The Rail Band
was playing to ever decreasing audiences, and the Ambassadeurs,
formerly led by singer Salif Keita, had broken up altogether.
The trend was for singers to try their luck in Paris, the
new centre for "world music".
So when Kasse Mady was invited to Paris to record his first
solo album for Senegalese producer Ibrahima Sylla (of Africando
fame) Kasse decided to try his luck. He left the National
Badema, and moved to Paris where he spent the next ten years.
During this period he recorded two solo albums - Fode, an
electric dance album which was meant to be the answer to Salif
Keita's Soro but did not enjoy the same promotion; and Kela
Tradition, an acoustic album of Kela jeli songs, both on the
Paris label Syllart.
Also in this period he collaborated in the album Songhai 2
with Ketama and Toumani Diabate, with some stunning versions
of classics such as Mali Sajio as well as the beautiful ballad
Pozo del Deseo sung together with Ketama singer Antonio Carmona.
But
things did not turn out as planned in Paris. Kasse Mady's
non-confrontational and peaceful character did not help him
to find his way through the labyrinth of royalty payments
and contracts and the hard-nosed music business of Paris.
Exploited and disappointed, he returned to Bamako in 1998
- where things began to look up.
The
music scene in Bamako had picked up considerably since he
had left ten years before. For a start, there was now a new
democratic government, and renewed interest among the youth
in traditional music.
The
kora player Toumani Diabate immediately snapped up Kasse Mady
for more collaborations after the succesful work they had
done together on Songhai 2. Kasse Mady was invited to take
part in the acclaimed Kulanjan project with Taj Mahal. Taj
was so moved by Kasse's singing that he presented him with
a beautiful steel-body guitar. Kasse's latest project is an
album for the excellent Mexican label Discos Corason. It was
recorded with a mobile studio entirely on location in Kela,
featuring his brother Lafia Diabate and members of the group
Super Mande, as well as the brilliant ngoni player Bassekou
Kouyate (who has also collaborated with Toumani on all his
albums) and flute player Dramane Coulibaly, former leader
of Las Maravillas de Mali. The album, entirely acoustic and
imbued with the atmosphere of Kela, includes jembe songs,
jeli songs, hunters' songs, and two new versions of the Cuban-style
classics Balomina Mwanga and Maimouna.
In
July 2001 in Cartagena, at the prestigious international music
festival, La Mar de Musicas, Kasse Mady was joined by an all-star
acoustic group of some of Mali's finest young musicians including
Bassekou Kouyate on n'goni and Lansine Diabate on balafon.
For two numbers he was joined by his old friend Taj Mahal.
Following
the launch of his CD in Mexico, Kasse Mady Diabate came with
his full band to the Mexico city where he played a double
bill with La Orquesta Arag—n in the prestigious Teatro de
La Ciudad and the following day a crowd of 45,000 came to
his free concert. In October 2003 he will tour Europe with
this band and repeat the magic of his new CD on stage in England,
France and Spain.